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James Arness
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James Arness (May 26, 1923 – June 3, 2011) was an American actor, best known for portraying Marshal Matt Dillon in the television series ''Gunsmoke'' for 20 years. Arness has the distinction of having played the role of Dillon in five separate decades: 1955 to 1975 in the weekly series, then in ''Gunsmoke: Return to Dodge'' (1987) and four more made-for-television ''Gunsmoke'' films in the 1990s. In Europe Arness reached cult status for his role as Zeb Macahan in the western series ''How the West Was Won''. His younger brother was actor Peter Graves.
==Early life==
James Arness was born James King Aurness in Minneapolis;〔(Telegraph obituary )〕 on May 26, 1923; he dropped the "u" when he started acting. His parents were Rolf Cirkler Aurness, a businessman, and his wife Ruth Duesler, a journalist. His father’s ancestry was Norwegian; his mother's was German.〔("Ancestry of James Arness" ) ''genealogy.com'' Accessed 17 March 2010〕 The family name had been Aursnes, but when Rolf's father, Peter Aursnes, emigrated from Norway in 1887, he changed it to Aurness.〔James Arness, James E. Wise Jr. (2001) ( "James Arness: an Autobiography" ), ISBN 0-7864-1221-6, ''McFarland & Company Inc.'', Accessed March 15, 2010〕 Arness and his family were Methodists. Arness' younger brother was actor Peter Graves (1926–2010). Peter used the stage name "Graves", a maternal family name.〔
Arness attended John Burroughs Grade School, Washburn High School and West High School in Minneapolis. During this time, Arness worked as a courier for a jewelry wholesaler, loading and unloading railway boxcars at the Burlington freight yards in Minneapolis, and logging in Pierce, Idaho.〔 Despite "being a poor student and skipping many classes", he graduated from high school in June 1942.〔
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